Prevalence of unsatisfactory dental restorations in posterior primary teeth and associated factors.

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of unsatisfactory dental restorations on posterior primary teeth and associated factors in school children aged six to ten years. A cross-sectional study was conducted with children randomly selected from public schools in a small Brazilian town. Questionnaires were sent to the guardians addressing socioeconomic and behavioral aspects of the child. Oral examinations were performed at the schools to determine the quality of dental restorations, visible biofilm, and presence of moderate/extensive untreated caries (scores 3-6 ICDAS). This examination was performed by two previously trained and calibrated examiners. Associations were tested using multilevel logistic regression. Among the 400 children evaluated, 98 had restorations (217 teeth). The prevalence of unsatisfactory restorations was 34.6%. Restorations in amalgam were less likely to fail compared to those in glass ionomer cement (OR = 0.11; 95%CI: 0.02-0.49; p = 0.005). Children with moderate/extensive untreated caries were more likely to have unsatisfactory restorations (OR = 6.79; 95%CI: 2.20-20.93; p = 0.001). Children with a visible plaque index ≥ 20% were also more likely to have unsatisfactory restorations (OR = 2.28 95%CI: 1.05-4.92; p = 0.036). The prevalence of unsatisfactory restorations was high. The occurrence of this outcome was associated with restorative material, presence of caries, and visible plaque.

Prevalence of unsatisfactory dental restorations in posterior primary teeth and associated factors

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of unsatisfactory dental restorations on posterior primary teeth and associated factors in school children aged six to ten years. A cross-sectional study was conducted with children randomly selected from public schools in a small Brazilian town. Questionnaires were sent to the guardians addressing socioeconomic and behavioral aspects of the child. Oral examinations were performed at the schools to determine the quality of dental restorations, visible biofilm, and presence of moderate/extensive untreated caries (scores 3-6 ICDAS). This examination was performed by two previously trained and calibrated examiners. Associations were tested using multilevel logistic regression. Among the 400 children evaluated, 98 had restorations (217 teeth). The prevalence of unsatisfactory restorations was 34.6%. Restorations in amalgam were less likely to fail compared to those in glass ionomer cement (OR = 0.11; 95%CI: 0.02-0.49; p = 0.005). Children with moderate/extensive untreated caries were more likely to have unsatisfactory restorations (OR = 6.79; 95%CI: 2.20-20.93; p = 0.001). Children with a visible plaque index ≥ 20% were also more likely to have unsatisfactory restorations (OR = 2.28 95%CI: 1.05-4.92; p = 0.036). The prevalence of unsatisfactory restorations was high. The occurrence of this outcome was associated with restorative material, presence of caries, and visible plaque.

Aspectos da germinação de sementes de assa-peixe (Vernonia polyanthes Less.) / Aspects of the germination of assa-peixe seeds (Vernonia polyanthes Less.)

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da temperatura e luz na germinação de sementes de assa-peixe (Vernonia polyanthes Less.). Para tanto foram testadas seis temperaturas constantes (15, 20, 25, 30, 35 e 40°C) e quatro combinações de temperaturas alternadas (15-20, 15-25, 20-30 e 20-35°C) na presença e ausência de luz, a qual foi fornecida durante os períodos de temperaturas mais altas, quando avaliada a alternância. As variáveis avaliadas foram: teor de água, germinação e vigor (primeira contagem e velocidade de germinação). O delineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado e os resultados foram submetidos à análise da variância, com as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Sementes da espécie V. polyanthes são fotoblásticas preferenciais, com germinação favorecida pela presença de luz, mas as maiores porcentagens de germinação e níveis de vigor dessas sementes foram obtidas em temperaturas de 25°C constante e de 15-25°C alternada, na presença de luz.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of temperature and light on germination of Vernonia polyanthes Less. seeds. Therefore were tested six constant temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40°C), and four combinations of alternating temperatures (15-20, 15-25, 20-30 and 20-35°C) in the presence and absence, which was provided during periods of higher temperatures, when evaluating the rotation. The variables evaluated were: degree of moisture, germination and vigor (first count of germination and speed of germination). The completely random design was used and the results were submitted to analysis of variance with means compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. Seeds of the Vernonia polyanthes species are preferential photoblastic with germination favored in the presence of light. The highest percentage of germination and seed vigor levels of the seeds of V. polyanthes were obtained in temperatures of 25°C constant and alternating 15-25°C in the presence of light.